In vitro pharmacology: physiological salt solutions
(amounts to be added to 10 litres of distilled water)
| Constituent | Frog Ringer |
Krebs' | Tyrode | Ringer- Locke |
De Jalen | Artificial CSF** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | 65g | 69g | 80g | 90g | 90g | 72.5g |
| KCl | 1.4g | 3.5g | 2.0g | 4.2g | 4.2g | 1.4g |
| MgSO(4).7H(2)O | -- | 2.9g | 2.6g | -- | -- | 4.9g |
| NaH(2)PO(4).2H(2)O | 0.65g | -- | 0.65g | -- | -- | -- |
| KH(2)PO(4) | -- | 1.6g | -- | -- | -- | 1.75g |
| Glucose | 20g | 20g | 10g | 10g | 5g | 19.8g |
| NaHCO(3) | 4g | 21g | 10g | 5g | 5g | 21g |
| 1.0M CaCl(2) | 10.8ml | 25.2ml* | 18ml | 10.8ml | 2.7ml | 2ml |
| Aerating Gas | Air | 95% O(2) 5% CO(2) |
95% O(2) 5% CO(2) air or pure CO(2) |
Pure O(2) | 95% O(2) 5% CO(2) |
95% O(2) 5% CO(2) |
*It is increasingly common to use half of this amount of calcium, ie 1.25mM instead of 2.5mM.
**CSF = cerebrospinal fluid
Concentration-response
curves
Common
isolated tissue preparations
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